Which of the following terms refers specifically to navigation using the stars?

The term that refers specifically to navigation using the stars is known as stellar navigation. This method relies on identifying and using the positions of stars to determine one's location and direction while traveling, especially at sea or in the air. Sailors and aviators traditionally use this technique, often employing tools like sextants to measure angles between stars and the horizon.

Stellar navigation is distinguished from other navigation forms, such as solar navigation, which involves the sun's position, or astrometric navigation, which may encompass a broader range of celestial bodies beyond just stars. Astral navigation, while similar sounding, typically refers more to the use of celestial bodies in navigation but does not narrowly focus on stars alone. Thus, stellar navigation is the most precise term when specifically discussing navigation using stars.