Which navigation method involves using stars for direction?

The method of navigation that involves using stars for direction is known as stellar navigation. This technique relies on observing celestial bodies, particularly stars, to determine one's position and direction. Sailors and navigators have historically used specific stars, constellations, and their positions relative to the horizon to orient themselves during nighttime or when other navigational references are not available.

Stellar navigation is essential for navigation in open seas where landmarks are absent. By measuring the angles between the stars and the horizon, navigators can calculate their latitude and, often, their longitude as well. This traditional technique has been essential for maritime exploration and travel, demonstrating the significance of stars in guiding navigators across vast distances.

Other navigation methods, such as solar navigation, primarily use the sun for direction, while celestial navigation is a broader term that encompasses both stellar and solar methods by utilizing both stars and the sun along with other celestial bodies. Magnetic navigation, on the other hand, involves using the Earth's magnetic field for orientation, which does not include star observation.